1 概述 目前使用的人胰岛素制剂有可溶性胰岛素和结晶胰岛素两种。可溶性胰岛素为短效制剂,等电点为5.3,以六聚体形式溶解于pH中性溶液中,皮下注射后,六聚体需分解为单体才能较快的吸收入血。中效胰岛素(NPH)为人胰岛素以六聚体形式与鱼精蛋白结合形成的结晶体,不溶于水,因而皮下注射后需要更长的时间解离成单体。其起效时间为1.5 h,作用高峰在4-12 h。 1 Overview Currently used human insulin formulations are soluble insulin and crystalline insulin two. Insoluble insulin is a short-acting preparation with an isoelectric point of 5.3, which is dissolved in a pH-neutral solution as a hexamer. Subcutaneous injection, the hexamer needs to be decomposed into monomers to absorb into the blood faster. Medium-acting insulin (NPH), a human insulin that binds protamine as a hexamer, is insoluble in water and takes longer to dissociate into monomers after subcutaneous injection. The onset time of 1.5 h, the peak in the 4-12 h.