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目的：了解湖南省４～１６岁儿童睡眠障碍流行学资料。方法：对湖南省８６４４名４～１６岁城乡儿童采用二阶段流行病学调查方法，以ＤＳＭ－Ⅲ－Ｒ为诊断标准，调查湖南省城乡儿童，了解儿童睡眠障碍的患病率、分布特征，并用病例对照研究方法对有关危险因素进行探讨。结果：睡眠障碍总时点患病率为１．３５％，农村患病率（２．０１％）明显高于城市（０．９８％），男性（１．３５％）与女性（１．３６％）无差异。４２．７３％患儿合并其他精神卫生问题，Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析发现，与儿童睡眠障碍有关的危险因素依次为：不良的教养方式、精神病家族史、出生时异常及母孕期有害因素。结论：儿童睡眠障碍主要以梦魇，睡惊障碍为主，心理社会因素是其主要危险因素。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological data of sleep disorders in children aged 4 ~ 16 in Hunan Province. Methods: A total of 8644 urban and rural children from 4 to 16 years old in Hunan Province were enrolled in this study. The DSM-Ⅲ-R was used as the diagnostic criteria to investigate the prevalence and distribution of childhood sleep disorders among children in urban and rural areas of Hunan Province. Case-control studies were also conducted to investigate the risk factors. Results: The prevalence rate of total sleep disorders was 1.35%, prevalence rate in rural areas was 2.01%, significantly higher than that in urban areas (0.98%), male (1.35%) and female %)No difference. 42.73% of children with other mental health problems, Logistic regression analysis found that the risk factors associated with sleep disorders in children were: poor parenting, family history of mental illness, abnormal at birth and harmful factors during pregnancy. Conclusion: The main sleep disorders in children are nightmares and sleep-deprivation disorders. Psychosocial factors are the major risk factors.