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[目的]明确深松对土壤的改良效果,促进水资源高效合理的利用。[方法]对垄作玉米进行设3个不同处理,分别为常规不深松(常规垄作)、春季播种前行间深松30 cm(春深松30 cm)和秋季行间深松30 cm(秋深松30cm)探讨不同深松时间和方式对土壤性状及玉米根系的影响。[结果]春深松30 cm后土壤紧实度显著降低。在0~20 cm深处,春深松30cm与秋深松30 cm、春深松30 cm与常规垄作的土壤紧实度差异显著。在0~40 cm深处,春深松30 cm与秋深松30 cm、春深松30 cm与常规垄作的土壤容重差异显著,两个深松处理与常规垄作的土壤田间持水量差异显著。春深松30 cm的玉米根系活跃吸收面积高于常规垄作。[结论]深松能够改善土壤的紧实度、容重、田间持水量和含水量,提高土壤的蓄墒能力,提高玉米根系的活跃度。春季深松接近作物生长期,土壤改良效果更好,长期持续深松更利于改善土壤板结结构。
[Objective] To clarify the improvement effect of subsoiling on soil and promote the efficient and rational utilization of water resources. [Method] Three treatments of ridge maize were conducted, which were conventional not deep pine (conventional ridge planting). In the spring before sowing, the depth of subsoiling was 30 cm (spring subsoiling 30 cm) and that of autumn was 30 cm Subsoiling 30cm) to explore the different subsoiling time and mode of soil properties and corn root system. [Result] The compaction of soil after 30 cm spring submerged obviously decreased. At 0-20 cm depth, the depths of spring and submerged pine were 30 cm and 30 cm respectively. The differences of soil compactness between spring and submerged pine at 30 cm and conventional ridge were significant. There was significant difference in soil bulk density between 0 cm and 40 cm depth, 30 cm cm under spring and 30 cm cm under autumn mulching, and 30 cm between spring subtropical pine and conventional ridge. There was significant difference in field capacity between two subsoiling treatments and conventional ridge cultivation. The active absorption area of maize root 30 cm in spring was higher than that of conventional ridge. [Conclusion] Nai Song can improve soil compaction, bulk density, field water content and water content, improve soil moisture storage capacity, and improve maize root activity. Spring subsoiling close to the crop growth stage, soil improvement better, long-term continued deep pine is more conducive to improving the soil compaction structure.