目的　查明贵州省天生桥水电站库区沿岸鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类 ,确定疫源地的性质和分布范围 ,为预防控制鼠疫提供依据。方法　运用现场流行病学调查方法 ,调查贵州省天生桥水电站库区沿岸 7个乡镇 36个村寨 ,采集啮齿动物、蚤类和指示动物标本 ,检测鼠疫菌、鼠疫 F1抗原和 F1抗体。结果　该地区啮齿动物有 3科 12属 2 1种 ;媒介蚤有 5种 ,黄胸鼠和印鼠客蚤为优势种。在 4个乡镇的 12个村寨检出鼠疫感染 ,鼠疫 F1抗原阳性率啮齿动物 0 .89%、蚤类 7.4 1% ;鼠疫 F1抗体阳性率啮齿动物 0 .5 4 %、指示动物 1.35 % ;从黄胸鼠和褐家鼠中培养分离鼠疫菌 3株。结论　天生桥水电站库区沿岸的鼠疫疫源地具有与黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地相同的特征 ,动物鼠疫流行是由于水库蓄水所引起 Objective To identify the main host animals and vector fleas in plague foci located along the coast of Tianshengqiao Hydropower Station in Guizhou Province. The nature and distribution range of the foci were determined, which provided the basis for the prevention and control of plague. Methods By means of field epidemiological investigation, 36 villages in 7 towns and villages along Tianshengqiao Hydropower Station in Guizhou Province were investigated. Rodents, fleas and animals were collected for detection of Yersinia pestis, plague F1 antigen and F1 antibody. Results There were 21 species of 12 genera in 3 families, 2 species of 12 genera in 3 families, 5 species of fleas in the area, and the dominant species were Rattus flavipectus and Rattus flammeus. Plague infections were detected in 12 villages in 4 townships. The positive rate of plague F1 antigen was 0.89% in rodents and 7.41% in fleas. The positive rate of plague F1 antibody was 0.54% in rodents, which was 1.35% of that in animals. Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus were isolated and cultured. Conclusion The plague foci located along the bank of Tianshengqiao Hydropower Station have the same characteristics as the plague foci of Rattus flavipectus, and the epidemic of animal plague is caused by the impoundment of reservoirs