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超临界反射子波波形畸变是指一种相位移现象,它与反射界面的形态、反射界面各侧的物理性质以及地震波的入射角有关。在一定的假设条件下,根据波的运动学和动力学规律,可以导出超临界反射子波相位移与速度的关系。基于这种关系制作的理论量板曲线与实际曲线进行对比,可以求得速度。这种测定速度方法的具体步驟是:①假定一些速度横向变化的模型,计算理论曲线量板;②先测定一个于波标准到达时间的相位移曲线,并与实际记录比较,求出子波延迟时间t和相位移r以及角频率ω;③由角频率ω和炮检距x等参数求得实际相位移、振幅比与相位移的关系曲线;④用实际曲线与理论曲线进行对比求得对应炮检距x的速度。对每个地震道的子波进行上述处理,可得到各道子波的速度。从而了解速度的横向变化。
Waveform distortion of supercritical reflection wave is a kind of phase shift phenomenon, which is related to the shape of reflection interface, the physical properties of each side of reflection interface and the incident angle of seismic wave. Under certain assumptions, the relationship between the phase shift and velocity of supercritical reflection wave can be deduced based on the kinematics and dynamics of the wave. Based on this relationship between the theoretical volume curve produced by the curve with the actual comparison, you can find the speed. The specific steps of this method are as follows: (1) Assuming some models with lateral velocity changes, calculate the theoretical curve plate; (2) Determine a phase shift curve at the standard arrival time and compare with the actual record to find the wavelet delay time t and the phase shift r and the angular frequency ω; ③ by the angular frequency ω and offset x and other parameters obtained by the actual phase shift, amplitude ratio and the phase shift of the relationship curve; ④ actual curve and theoretical curve were compared to obtain the corresponding gun Inspect x speed. For each wavelet of seismic traces, we can obtain the velocity of each wavelet. To understand the lateral changes in speed.