论文部分内容阅读
在制定森林系统恢复计划时总是需要考虑火灾的威胁。在波多黎各干旱森林恢复项目执行时,曾于2006年和2007年发生了两次野火事件。该项目的最初目的是确定乡土树种在栽培的银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)树下与在开阔地(林窗)中的不同生长响应。项目根据树种叶子的习性、演替状态以及火前环境条件抗性的研究,评估了林木的生长、死亡率和对火灾的响应。结果表明,无论树种叶子的习性和演替状态如何,在栽培树木之下都能长得更高,死亡率也更低。在开阔地带,树木对林火最常见的响应是发芽;成熟林和常绿树种的火后存活机率比先锋树种和落叶树种更高。虽然一般在再造林项目中使用栽培树木来调节养分或光环境,但它们看上去也附带了次级效益——通过减少可燃物,从而降低火灾的损失。
There is always a need to consider the threat of a fire when developing a forest restoration plan. Two wildfires occurred in 2006 and 2007 during the implementation of the Arid Forest Recovery Project in Puerto Rico. The initial goal of the project was to determine the local tree species’ response to different growths in cultivated Leucaena leucocephala trees and in open fields (gaps). The project assessed the tree growth, mortality and response to fire based on the study of leaf habitats, succession states and resistance to pre-fire environmental conditions. The results show that regardless of their habitat and succession, trees grow higher and have lower mortality rates even under cultivated trees. In open areas, the most common response of trees to forest fires is germination; the survival rate of mature and evergreen species after fire is higher than that of pioneer trees and deciduous trees. Although cultivated trees are generally used to regulate nutrient or light conditions in reforestation projects, they also appear to have secondary benefits - reducing the loss of fire by reducing combustibles.