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讨论了亿万单元有限元模型的可扩展并行计算方法。从软件和硬件两个方面提出了前处理、并行计算方法、程序算法、后处理实现等核心问题的解决方案。采用网格加密方法生成一亿单元的有限元模型,利用对偶原始有限元撕裂内联法(FETI-DP)求解系统方程。基于图论理论建立了子区域间的通讯拓扑关系,实现了子区域间点对点通讯,避免速度慢、通信量大的全局通讯。在自主开发程序基础上,增加相应模块,采用面向对象编程技术和MPI消息传递库开发程序。对一个一亿多单元的工程实例运用5000核并行计算,得到了超线性加速比。计算结果在专用图形工作站上进行后处理,显示和交互操作速度良好。研究在两方面实现了突破:一是将模型规模提高到了一亿多单元;二是同时调用了5000个计算核来并行运算,并得到了很高效率。高分辨率有限元并行模拟研究成果可为岩土工程中结构特别复杂、计算区域特别大、地质情况复杂等模拟提供很好的技术方法和实现手段。
Discusses the scalable parallel computing method of hundreds of millions of element finite element models. From the software and hardware two aspects, the solution to the core problems such as pre-processing, parallel computing method, program algorithm and post-processing implementation are put forward. A finite element model of one hundred million cells was generated by using grid encryption method. The system equations were solved by dual original finite element tearing method (FETI-DP). Based on the theory of graph theory, the communication topological relations between sub-regions are established, and the peer-to-peer communication among sub-regions is realized to avoid the global communication with slow speed and large traffic. On the basis of self-development program, add the corresponding module, using object-oriented programming technology and MPI messaging library development program. For a project with more than 100 million units using 5000 nuclear parallel computing, the super linear acceleration ratio is obtained. Calculation results in the dedicated graphics workstation post-processing, display and interoperability speed. The research has realized the breakthrough in two respects: First, the scale of the model has been increased to more than 100 million units; secondly, 5000 calculation cores are invoked in parallel for parallel operation and highly efficient. The results of high-resolution finite element parallel simulation can provide a good technical method and means for the simulation of geotechnical engineering especially complex structure, particularly large calculation area, complex geological conditions.