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目的:了解昆明市0～7岁儿童体格发育现状及变化趋势,为儿童保健工作提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样,分城、郊及男、女各22个年龄组,调查13200名0～7岁儿童的体重、身高、头围、胸围,并进行统计学分析。结果:分别按年龄、性别及城、郊计算出0～7岁儿童的体重、身高、头围、胸围的均值和标准差,4项体格发育指标存在性别、城、郊差异,10年间昆明市0～7岁儿童体格发育指标有不同程度增长。结论:昆明市0～7岁儿童体格发育呈增长趋势,性别、城、郊差异有缩小趋势,儿童体格发育水平低于国内经济发达城市,在云南省处于较高水平。减少城、郊差距,加强营养、喂养知识的健康教育,推广应用发育诊断、干预技术是促进昆明市儿童体格发育的重要措施。
Objective: To understand the physical development status and changing trend of 0 ~ 7 years old children in Kunming, and to provide scientific basis for child health care work. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was used to divide the city, suburban and male and female groups into 22 age groups. The body weight, height, head circumference and chest circumference of 13 200 children aged 0-7 years were investigated and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean and standard deviation of body weight, height, head circumference and chest circumference of 0-7 years old children were calculated according to their ages, sexes, cities and suburbs respectively. There were differences in sex, city and suburbs in 4 physical development indexes. 0 to 7-year-old children have different levels of physical development indicators of growth. Conclusion: The physical development of children aged 0-7 years in Kunming shows an increasing trend. The differences among sexes, cities and suburbs are decreasing. The physical development level of children in Kunming is lower than that in developed cities in China and at a relatively high level in Yunnan Province. It is an important measure to promote the physical development of children in Kunming by reducing the gap between cities and suburbs, strengthening health education on nutrition and feeding knowledge, and promoting the application of developmental diagnosis and intervention technology.