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多年的研究证明 ,提高光合效率是提高大豆产量的重要途径。在高产条件下 ,高光效大豆 (GlycinemaxL .Merr.)品种与一般品种相比可提高产量 30 %～ 40 %,表明高光效育种有着广阔的发展前景。高光效育种虽然未能缩短育种时间 ,但为达到预定的高光效目标提供了“实时”监测 ,可免除目标的偏离 ,从而达到高光效与高产的同步提高。大豆叶片与豆荚均存在着高活性的有限的C4 途径循环 ,因此 ,通过常规育种或基因工程技术提高C4 途径酶的表达能力 ,可能是提高C3 植物光合效率的新突破点。
Years of research have shown that increasing photosynthetic efficiency is an important way to increase soybean yield. Under high yielding conditions, the yield of Glycine max. Merr. Increased by 30% ~ 40% compared with that of the normal varieties, indicating that the high light efficiency breeding has broad prospects for development. Although the breeding of high photosynthetic efficiency failed to shorten the breeding time, it provided “real-time” monitoring to achieve the predetermined target of high light efficiency, which could avoid the deviation of the target and achieve the simultaneous improvement of high light efficiency and high yield. There is a highly active and limited cycle of C4 pathway in soybean leaves and pods. Therefore, enhancing the expression of C4 pathway enzymes by conventional breeding or genetic engineering may be a new breakthrough to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of C3 plants.