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古籍整理通常是结合版本目录校勘之学来开展的,传统的“小学”即文字、音韵、训诂也为古籍训释校勘提供了理论方法支撑。传统的学科存在着些许弊端,如传统训诂学王力先生就指出其最大弊病乃是崇古,纂集派述而不作,杂引古训,不问是非,以讲述故训为目的,忽视系统和理论探讨。随着现代语言学理论及研究方法的不断发展,将其应用于跨学科研究越来越多。本文从语言系统内部选取例证,注重语言的时代性、社会性和规律性,在定量与定性分析的基础上运用现代语言学理论来解决《国语》中存疑句一例,这一研究方法是运用现代语言学理论解决古籍校勘问题的一次科学尝试,而并非单纯的引用史料记载、风俗习惯,进行上下文猜测,或附会意识形态等语言外的证据得出的缺乏说服力的研究结论。
The collation of ancient books is usually carried out in conjunction with the collation of version books. The traditional “primary school”, that is, words, phonology and exegesis, also provides a theoretical support for the collation of ancient books. Traditional disciplines have some drawbacks. For example, Mr. Wang Li, the traditional scholar of scholarship, pointed out that the biggest drawback is that it is Chonggong, which is not a compilation of narratives but a quotation of ancient writings. Theoretical discussion. With the continuous development of modern linguistic theories and research methods, it is applied to more and more interdisciplinary studies. This paper selects examples from the inside of language system, pays attention to the age, sociality and regularity of language, uses modern linguistic theory to solve one case of suspect in “Mandarin” on the basis of quantitative and qualitative analysis. This research method uses modern Linguistic theory is a scientific attempt to solve the problem of collation of ancient books. It is not merely a lack of persuasive conclusion drawn from historical evidence, customs, guessing contexts, or linguistic evidence attached to ideology.