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随着劳动收入份额在世界范围的降低,以及对“Kaldor事实”的质疑,大量文献开始关注引起要素收入份额变动的原因,而技术进步方向为探究要素收入份额变动的诱发因素提供新的研究思路。本文首先利用基于收入法构成的统计数据考察改革开放以来我国要素收入份额的变动趋势,再构建技术进步偏向性指数分析其对要素收入份额的作用机制,最后基于结构分解方法考察技术进步方向是如何引起要素收入份额变动的。结果表明:尽管劳动收入总量有所增加,但我国劳动收入份额的演变趋势仍是下降的;而技术进步则表现出在整体上偏向于资本要素,同时随着替代弹性值的增加,技术进步偏向性对资本与劳动要素相对收入份额的正向作用越大,说明劳动收入份额下降是受技术进步资本偏向性特征影响的。
With the reduction in the share of labor income worldwide and the question of “Kaldor ’s fact ”, a large number of literatures begin to pay attention to the reasons that cause the change of factor’ s share of income, while the direction of technological progress provides new Research ideas. In this paper, firstly, the statistic data based on the income law is used to examine the trend of China’s factor income share since the reform and opening up, and then to construct the mechanism of the index of technological progress bias on the component income share. At last, the structural decomposition method is used to examine the direction of technological progress Cause changes in the income share of factors. The results show that although the total amount of labor income increases, the trend of labor income share in our country still declines; while the technical progress shows that it is biased towards the capital factor as a whole. Meanwhile, as the substitution elasticity increases, the technological progress The greater the positive effect of bias on the relative income share of capital and labor, indicating that the decline in the share of labor income is influenced by the biased nature of the capital of technological progress.