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目的分析甘肃省武威市生活饮用水卫生状况,为进一步提高居民生活饮用水质量、保障饮水安全提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,调查2016年武威市636个集中式供水点的基本情况,按不同供水方式分组对比进行分析。结果 636个集中式供水点以未处理的最多254个、占总供水的39.94%,其次为沉淀过滤(238个)和常规处理(120个);沉淀过滤生活饮用水的总硬度(t=-1.10)、硝酸盐氮(t=-5.50)、溶解性总固体(t=0.40)、氯化物(t=0.69)、硫酸盐(t=0.43)和菌落总数(t=2.01)高于常规处理生活饮用水(均P<0.05);未处理生活饮用水的总硬度(t=-0.20)、溶解性总固体(t=0.33)、氯化物(t=1.22)、硫酸盐(t=0.40)、氟化物(t=12.32)、菌落总数(t=0.25)亦高于常规处理生活饮用水(均P<0.05);沉淀过滤生活饮用水中氨氮(t=3.32)、浑浊度(t=4.22)和pH值(t=16.49)低于常规处理生活饮用水(均P<0.05),未处理生活饮用水的氨氮(t=4.23)、浑浊度(t=2.83)和耗氧量(t=3.37)低于常规处理生活饮用水(均P<0.05);常规处理生活饮用水的菌落总数(χ~2=170.62)、总硬度(χ~2=4.13)和硝酸盐氮(χ~2=4.13)达标率高于沉淀过滤生活饮用水(均P<0.05),且菌落总数(χ~2=33.69)、总硬度(χ~2=14.85)、溶解性总固体(χ~2=14.30)、硫酸盐(χ~2=16.53)、氯化物(χ~2=6.36)达标率均高于未处理生活饮用水(均P<0.05)。结论 2016年武威市常规处理生活饮用水的卫生状况优于沉淀过滤和未处理生活饮用水,供水方式对水质影响较大,饮水卫生状况有待提高。
Objective To analyze the sanitary status of domestic drinking water in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, and provide scientific basis for further improving the quality of drinking water and ensuring the safety of drinking water. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to investigate the basic situation of 636 centralized water supply points in Wuwei City in 2016 and analyzed by grouping of different water supply methods. Results A total of 636 centralized water supply points with no treatment up to 254, accounting for 39.94% of the total water supply, followed by sedimentation filtration (238) and conventional treatment (120); sediment filtration total drinking water hardness (t = 1.10), nitrate (t = -5.50), total dissolved solids (t = 0.40), chloride (t = 0.69), sulphate (t = 0.43) and total number of colonies (t = 2.01) (T = -0.20), total dissolved solids (t = 0.33), chloride (t = 1.22), sulfate (t = 0.40) , Fluoride (t = 12.32) and total number of colonies (t = 0.25) were also higher than those of conventional treatment drinking water (all P <0.05) (T = 4.23), turbidity (t = 2.83) and oxygen consumption (t = 2.83) of untreated domestic drinking water were lower than those of conventional treatment (P <0.05) (Χ ~ 2 = 4.13) and nitrate nitrogen (χ ~ 2 = 4.13) were lower than that of routine treatment of drinking water (all P <0.05) 4.13) was higher than that of sedimentation filter drinking water (all P <0.05), and the total number of colonies (χ ~ 2 = 33.69), total hardness (χ ~ 2 = 14.85), the total dissolved solids (χ ~ 2 = 14.30), sulfates (χ ~ 2 = 16.53) and chloride (χ ~ 2 = 6.36) were higher than those of untreated drinking water All P <0.05). Conclusion In 2016, the sanitation status of routine treatment of domestic drinking water in Wuwei City was better than that of sedimentation filtration and untreated drinking water. The water supply pattern had a great impact on water quality and the sanitation status of drinking water needs to be improved.