应急装备的布局决策对灾后的救援效率有巨大的影响。应急装备的储备布局大多以行政隶属结构为基础,进行资源的选址和配置,因此,资源的布局决策也具有明显的层级结构特征。本文针对现有应急装备的储备管理模式中存在的实际问题,比如未考虑储备点的应急能力差异而进行的统一均匀配置,导致资源利用效率低下,而未能满足灾害后的响应要求使得造成不必要的损失等问题。文章基于应急响应的时效性、经济性的要求和固有的层级结构,对应急装备的层级选址和配置问题进行研究,比较了现有管理模式中的布局决策方法和层级协同储备布局方法,建立了情景分析下的多目标多层级协同布局模型。最后,对云南省地震灾害情景下的电力应急装备的布局问题进行了案例分析。考虑到灾害情景中装备需求数量的不确定性,本文通过建立回归模型对地震受灾人口进行计算分析,从而估算地震情景中的装备需求数量这一关键情景要素,结合历史地震数据生成大量地震灾害情景,然后对大规模情景下的布局模型进行求解,并将协同布局决策结果与统一均匀布局的方式以及云南省现有的实际布局方式进行对比。经过分析各种决策模式的适用性,指出大规模应急响应的准备过程更应当从层级单位间的协同合作视角来洞察和研究应急装备的布局问题。 Emergency equipment layout decisions have a huge impact on the rescue efficiency after the disaster. The reserve layout of emergency equipment is mostly based on the administrative subordinate structure, and the location and configuration of resources are carried out. Therefore, the layout decision of resources also has obvious hierarchical structure characteristics. In this paper, according to the existing problems in the existing reserve management mode of emergency equipment, such as unification and uniform allocation without considering the difference in emergency response capacity at reserve points, the efficiency of resource utilization is low, but failure to meet the post-disaster response requires Necessary loss and other issues. Based on the timeliness, economic requirements and inherent hierarchical structure of emergency response, this paper studies the hierarchical site selection and configuration of emergency equipment, and compares the layout decision method and hierarchical collaborative reserve layout method in existing management mode to establish A multi - objective and multi - level collaborative layout model under scenario analysis. Finally, case analysis of the layout of power emergency equipment under earthquake disaster in Yunnan Province is carried out. Considering the uncertainty of the demand for equipment in disaster scenarios, this paper constructs a regression model to calculate and analyze the population affected by the earthquake so as to estimate the key scenario elements of the demand for equipment in the earthquake scenarios. Combining the historical seismic data, a large number of earthquake disaster scenarios , And then solve the layout model under the large-scale scenario, and compare the results of the coordinated layout decision with the uniform uniform layout and the existing actual layout of Yunnan Province. After analyzing the applicability of various decision modes, it is pointed out that the preparation process of large-scale emergency response should be more insightful and research on the layout of emergency equipment from the perspective of coordination and cooperation among different levels of units.