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色层分离中应用离子交换树脂作为固定相以分离或纯化各种物质的方法,简便而有效,且能分离性质非常相近的物质。近来已成为一个化学的单元操作而获得广泛的应用。离子交换树脂在色层分离中作为固定相而加以应用的可概括为三:(1)离子交换色层(ion exchange chromatogra-phy),是以离子交换树脂为固定相,用电解质溶液(酸、碱或中性盐)为淋洗剂,分离二种或更多种的电解质混合物,如碱金属、希土元素、卤素离子及超铀元素等。(2)离子排斥的方法(ion exclusion),是以离子交换树脂为固定相,用水为淋洗剂,分离电解质与非电解质的混合物。这种方法广泛地用以纯化各种有机物质如葡萄糖、甘油等。(3)盐析色层(salting-out chromatography),是以离子交换树脂为固定相,不同浓度的盐溶液为淋洗剂,分离二种或多种的水溶性非电解质混合物。
The use of ion exchange resins as the stationary phase in chromatographic separations to separate or purify a variety of substances is simple and effective and can separate substances of very similar nature. Recently, it has become a chemical unit operation and obtained a wide range of applications. Ion exchange resin used as a stationary phase in the chromatographic separation can be summarized as three: (1) ion exchange chromatography (ion exchange chromatogra-phy), the ion exchange resin as the stationary phase, the electrolyte solution (acid, Alkali or neutral salt) as eluent to separate two or more electrolyte mixtures, such as alkali metals, rare earth elements, halogen ions and transuranics and the like. (2) ion exclusion method (ion exclusion), is the ion exchange resin as the stationary phase, water as eluent, the separation of electrolyte and non-electrolyte mixture. This method is widely used to purify various organic substances such as glucose, glycerol and the like. (3) salting-out chromatography, the ion exchange resin as the stationary phase, different concentrations of salt solution for the eluent, the separation of two or more water-soluble non-electrolyte mixture.