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通过回顾欧美文化消费理论研究与经验研究的文献,并与中国的已有成果比较,本文达成以下发现:在主要发达国家,文化消费是一个以社会学为主的跨学科研究领域。相比而言,国内文化消费研究涉及领域较狭窄,主要包括新闻出版业、影视业、互联网产业、文化艺术业、娱乐业、动漫业、影像业;学科视野较单一、错位、错置,局限于传媒学科、消费经济学和艺术学,跨学科合作研究鲜见。传播学意义上的“文化消费”调查成果比较系统,形成规模,但以文化消费为主题的综合性社会调查尚付阙如。两相比较,国内文化消费的实证研究,着重所谓的“精神”文化消费,更多关注狭义的文化消费层面,如读书读报、观赏戏剧电影电视、浏览网络、参观博物馆美术馆等。很多研究忽略了教育、旅游、休闲等文化消费的重要领域。国内研究注重量的描述,轻视文化消费的品质——品味、不平等、意义与价值;对文化消费品味的形成与社会变迁,文化消费的群体差异与阶层差异,文化消费的多样性、异质性,人口社会经济特征在何种程度上影响人们的文化消费活动,均缺乏重要的贡献,文化消费的案例分析也乏善可陈。
By reviewing the literature on the theoretical and empirical studies of cultural consumption in Europe and the United States, and comparing with the existing achievements in China, this paper reaches the following findings: In the major developed countries, cultural consumption is an interdisciplinary field of sociology. In contrast, the research on domestic cultural consumption has a relatively narrow field of research, mainly including press and publishing, film and television, Internet, culture and art, entertainment, animation and video, and the field of study is single, dislocated, misplaced and limited In the media science, consumer economics and art, interdisciplinary cooperation research rare. In the sense of communication, the results of the survey on “cultural consumption” are relatively systematic and form a scale. However, comprehensive social surveys on the theme of cultural consumption have yet to pay up. Emphasizing the so-called “spiritual ” cultural consumption, pay more attention to the narrow aspects of cultural consumption, such as reading and reading newspapers, watch movies and television drama, browse the Internet, visit Museum Art Museum and so on. Many studies have neglected the important areas of cultural consumption such as education, tourism and leisure. Domestic research focuses on the description of the quantity, despising the quality of cultural consumption - taste, inequality, meaning and value; the formation and social changes of cultural consumption taste; the group differences and class differences of cultural consumption; the diversity of cultural consumption; Sex, the socio-economic characteristics of the population to what extent affect people’s cultural and consumer activities, lack of important contributions, the case analysis of cultural consumption is lackluster.