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从毛白杨全分布区１０省市选出了１０４７株优树，分别收集其根和花枝作为繁殖材料，建立两种形式的基因库：档案库和标本园。以花枝标本园中５８０个毛白杨无性系为对象，调查９年生各种形态性状，计算其多样性指数，并进行变异分析和方差分析，同时分析优树调查登记在中各种形态性状的变鼻。结果表明：皮色、皮孔排列、皮孔大小和叶形４种形态型中，河南和陕西种源的多样性指数大于山西和甘肃种源；优树间在煤污病、通直度等性状上的变异系数较大，有很大的选择潜力，而物候期和叶片性状的变异较小；在９个主要形态和物候性状上，种源间的变异占８５％以上，而种源内无性系间差异不显著。
A total of 1047 superior trees were selected from 10 provinces and cities of the Populus tomentosa distribution area, and their roots and flowering branches were collected as breeding material to establish two kinds of gene banks: archive and specimen garden. In this study, 580 Populus tomentosa clones were planted in the garden of Flowering branch. The morphological traits of 9-year-old were investigated. The diversity indices were calculated and analyzed by variance analysis and variance analysis. At the same time, nose. The results showed that the diversity index of provenances in Henan and Shaanxi was greater than that in Shanxi and Gansu among the four morphological types of skin color, lenticel, perforation, and leaf shape. The coefficients of variation of traits are large, with great potential for selection, while the variation of phenology and leaf traits is small. Among the nine major morphological and phenological traits, the variation among provenances accounts for more than 85% There was no significant difference between lines.