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目的探讨影响甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县退休人员健康的主要疾病及其危险因素,为开展中老年居民健康管理和健康教育指导提供基础资料。方法对当地退休老年人进行健康体检,收集体检资料,采用回顾性分析方法进行统计分析。率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果该地区中老年人发病率最高的前7位疾病分别是高脂血症、高血压、心脏病、胆结石、血液黏稠度升高、高尿酸血症和糖尿病,检出率分别是76.02%、59.50%、38.91%、28.73%、26.92%、13.57%和10.86%。除心脏病和血液黏稠度升高外,糖尿病的患病率藏族明显高于汉族和裕固族;其他疾病的患病率裕固族和藏族都明显高于汉族。结论高脂血症、高血压、心脏病、胆结石是甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县老年人常见疾病,不同性别和民族间几种疾病的检出率存在一定差异。
Objective To explore the main diseases and their risk factors that affect the health of retirees in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County of Gansu Province and provide basic information for health management and health education guidance for middle-aged and elderly residents. Methods A healthy physical examination was conducted on retired local elderly people, physical examination data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Rate comparison using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The top 7 diseases with the highest incidence of middle-aged and elderly in this area were hyperlipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, gallstones, elevated blood viscosity, hyperuricemia and diabetes. The detection rates were 76.02% , 59.50%, 38.91%, 28.73%, 26.92%, 13.57% and 10.86% respectively. Except heart disease and blood viscosity, the prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in Tibetans than in Han and Yugur people. The prevalence of other diseases was significantly higher in Yugu and Tibetans than in Han. Conclusions Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, heart disease and gallstones are common diseases of the elderly in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, Gansu Province. There are some differences in the detection rates of several diseases among different sexes and ethnic groups.