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如何将科技进步引入马克思主义政治经济学的定量研究?基本思想是,除仍需对劳动如何创造价值以及价值如何分配作深入的定量研究外,还必须开拓新领域,对使用价值的生产、流通、交换、分配以及消费等问题作深入的定量研究。在《资本论》,第1卷—第3卷,马克思曾引入不变资本C,可变资本V,剩余价值MJ等概念,导出一个“生产每一个商品的价值MJ的公式,WJ=MJ+C+M”现在建议用剩余使用价值MS,不变资本C,可变资本V,将商品的使用价值MS试行WS=MS+C+V的公式,而WS=N·WJ。其中N是包括自然、社会、人文等科学在内广义科技效率因子N,并由此定义一个包括科技进步在内的全劳动生产率T,并表明(T-1)即是通常经济学教科书中所探讨的全要素生产率(TFP)。
How to introduce the progress of science and technology into the quantitative study of Marxist political economy? The basic idea is that in addition to the quantitative research on how labor can create value and how to allocate value, we must also explore new fields and apply the value-added production and circulation , Exchange, distribution and consumption issues such as in-depth quantitative research. In “Capital”, Volume 1 - Volume 3, Marx introduced the concepts of constant capital C, variable capital V, residual value MJ, etc., to derive a formula for producing the value MJ of each commodity WJ = MJ + C + M "It is now proposed to use the remaining use value MS, constant capital C, variable capital V, MS to test WS = MS + C + V, WS = N · WJ. N is a generalized scientific and technological efficiency factor N including sciences such as nature, society and humanity, and thus defines a total labor productivity T including the progress of science and technology. It also shows that (T-1) is the usual economic textbook Exploring Total Factor Productivity (TFP).