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在任何深度成像问题中,地球物理与地质涵义的主要问题是建立速度—深度的总体模型,总体模型与偏移是紧紧相连的。因为模型必须由深度偏移空间来确定,我们在着手寻求这个解以前,就应在理论上了解这个解。我们发表本文是要极力解开这个谜。为了逐步解答每个包括速度—深度总体模型建立的问题,我们描述了一个总体战略。这种战略设计成使所有的时间和费用最少,它们包括3D层析反演、叠后剥层深度偏移、成像道集模型修正和最终3D叠后深度偏移。由于3D叠前深度偏移的费用昂贵,使得逐步逼近法在模型建立中不能实行。所以我们只在关键目标地带使用。一般情况下,尽可能使用较为近似的、成本低廉的方法。
In any depth imaging problem, the main issue in geophysical and geological implications is the establishment of a general velocity-depth model that is closely linked to the offset. Since the model must be defined by the depth of displacement space, we should understand this solution theoretically before we proceed to seek this solution. We published this article is to try to solve this mystery. In order to answer step-by-step questions, each one including the speed-depth overall model, we describe an overall strategy. This strategy is designed to minimize all time and expense, including 3D tomographic inversion, post-stack petri-drift depth migration, image gathers model modification, and final 3D post-stack depth migration. Due to the high cost of 3D prestack depth migration, the gradual approximation method can not be implemented in model building. So we only use in key target areas. Under normal circumstances, as far as possible the use of more approximate, cost-effective approach.