中国科学院生态环境研究中心主任胡鞍钢研究员撰文认为,21世纪的中国,最大的挑战就是近年来全国城镇突发性的、大规模的“下岗洪水”和“失业洪水”。胡鞍钢说,创造就业是一种“有意”行为, 即就业不会自动地扩大,政府必须把创造就业作为核心政策目标。胡鞍钢提出七大对策:一是实行就业导向的增长策略,积极发展劳动密集型产业;二是促进私营和个体经济发展的经济政策;三是进一步开放服务业市场,积极吸引外资,创造更多的就业机会;四是实施有利于就业激励政策和促进劳动力市场流动的政策;五是切断就业人员与社会服务之间的联系;六是鼓励非正式部门的发展和非正规劳动组织就业;七是政府转变财政援助对象,大幅度提高失业人员 Hu Angang, the director of the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that the biggest challenge for China in the 21st century is the sudden and massive “laid-off flood ” and “unemployment flood ” in the urban areas in China in recent years. Hu Angang said that creating employment is a “intention ” behavior, that is, employment will not be automatically expanded, and the government must take employment creation as its core policy objective. Hu Angang put forward seven measures: First, the employment-oriented growth strategy, and actively develop labor-intensive industries; second is to promote private and individual economic development of economic policies; third is to further open up the service market, and actively attract foreign investment and create more Employment opportunities; Fourth, the implementation of policies conducive to employment incentives and to promote labor market mobility policy; Fifth, cut off the connection between employment and social services; Sixth, to encourage the development of the informal sector and employment of informal labor organizations; The government changed the target of financial aid and greatly increased the number of unemployed people