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利用生态痕迹(ecological pootprint)评价人类对自然资本的利用,就是将资源消耗和废弃物产生与地球的再生能力进行比较。以前基于联合国统计资料的研究已经表明,人类对自然资本的利用已经超过了全球的生物承载力(biocapacity),同时还表明人类的生态痕迹有着很大的分布尺度。本研究主要针对瑞典,我们改进了生态痕迹与生物承裁力的计算方法,并且说明了如何才能将一个国家的生态痕迹应用于区域甚至流域。本研究还首次包含了农田淋溶的植物养分吸收区和家庭用水供应区。本文描述了生态痕迹这一评价方法,与别人和我们自己以前所使用的方法进行了对比,并讨论了这一方法应用的可能性和局限性。
Using ecological pootprint to evaluate human use of natural capital is a comparison of resource consumption and waste generation with the Earth’s ability to regenerate. Previous studies based on UN statistics have shown that human use of natural capital has surpassed the global biocapacity and at the same time indicates that human ecological footprint has a large distribution scale. This study is mainly aimed at Sweden. We have improved the calculation method of ecological footprint and biological commitment, and illustrated how we can apply the ecological footprint of a country to the region and even the watershed. The study also includes, for the first time, leachate plant nutrient absorption areas and domestic water supply areas. This paper describes the evaluation of ecological footprint as a comparison with other people and our own previous methods and discusses the possibilities and limitations of the application of this method.