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雄性不育性的发现为苎麻雄性不育杂种优势利用展现了乐观前景。通过田间观察、花粉压片观察、杂交及自交后代育性分离观察 ,鉴定供试苎麻不育系的育性特征和分析育性遗传方式。供试不育系表现为 4种类型 ,Ⅰ型 -无雄蕾 ;∏型 -雄蕾不膨大 ,无花粉粒 ,最后变黄枯落 ;Ⅲ型 -雄蕾可膨大至 1 .6 - 1 .8mm ,淡黄色 ,无可育花粉粒 ,最后变褐枯落 ;Ⅳ -型个别或少量雄蕾可开放 ,但无可育花粉粒 ,其它方面同Ⅲ型。GS1 4- 1、SS370、GSA - 2、GS1 5 - 8和SS387等不育系的育性由 1对隐性核基因和相应的胞质基因所控制 ,属于核—质互作型雄性不育。已找到不育系的保持系和恢复系。
The discovery of male sterility has shown optimistic prospects for the utilization of heterosis in ramie male sterility. Through field observation, pollen observation, hybridization and self-fertility, the fertility characteristics of ramie sterile lines were identified and the fertility genetic patterns were analyzed. There were 4 types of sterile lines tested, type Ⅰ - no male buds; type Π - male buds were not enlarged, pollen grains did not appear, finally yellowing withered; type Ⅲ - male buds could be enlarged to 1.6-1. 8mm, light yellow, no fertile pollen grains, finally brown brown; IV - type individual or a small amount of male flowers open, but no fertile pollen grains, the other with the type Ⅲ. The fertility of CMS lines GS1-4-1, SS370, GSA - 2, GS1 5 - 8 and SS387 was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes and corresponding cytoplasmic genes, which belonged to nuclear - intersity male sterility . The maintainer and restorer lines of CMS have been found.