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评价了三峡库区兰陵溪流域257个小班的森林生态系统健康水平,为林地小班的空间对位配置和结构调整提供理论依据。构建植被结构、生态服务和生态环境等3项一级指标,林龄结构、郁闭度、灌木层盖度等16项二级指标,利用物元模型和二类调查数据评价兰陵溪流域小班尺度的森林生态系统健康水平。结果表明:综合评价等级为“优良”的小班有83个,占32.30%;“一般”的小班有115个,占44.75%;“较差”的小班有59个,占22.96%;土壤有机质密度、郁闭度与小班综合生态系统健康水平呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),裸岩率、土壤孔隙度与小班生态系统健康水平相关性显著(P<0.05)。植被类型间差异明显,小班综合生态系统健康水平排序为:阔叶林、乔灌林>针叶林>经济林;通过可拓变换,在单项指标评价的基础上,物元模型综合评价信息更为丰富,评价结果更为客观,物元模型适用于小班生态系统健康水平的评价。
Evaluated the forest ecosystem health level of 257 small classes in Lanlingxi watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and provided the theoretical basis for spatial collocation and structural adjustment of small classes in forest land. Sixteen second-level indicators, including the first-grade indicators of vegetation structure, ecological services and ecological environment, age structure, canopy density and shrub layer coverage, were constructed. Based on the matter-element model and the second type of survey data, Scale of forest ecosystem health. The results showed that there were 83 small classes with the average rating of “excellent”, accounting for 32.30%; 115 “small classes” of “general”, accounting for 44.75%; 59 of the “poor” small classes accounting for 22.96%. Soil organic matter density and canopy density had a significant positive correlation with the health of small-scale integrated ecosystem (P <0.01). The correlation between bare rock and soil porosity was significant (P <0.05). The differences among vegetation types are obvious. The health level of small-scale integrated ecosystem is ranked as follows: broadleaf forest, shrubbery forest> coniferous forest> economic forest. On the basis of single index evaluation, the comprehensive evaluation information of matter-element model is more Rich, and the evaluation results are more objective. The matter-element model is applicable to the evaluation of the health of small-scale ecosystems.