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1 研究的必要性和目的医学科研设计包括两部分,一是专业设计,二是统计设计.专业设计是从专业理论、技术出发,设想用什么实验、观察内容来验证假说或回答有关的专业问题,主要是保证研究成果的先进性.统计设计是从数理统计的理论、方法出发,考虑如何对实验、观察内容进行合理的安排,对研究结果进行最有效地统计整理、分析,以保证研究成果的可靠性、精确性和科学性.因此,医学研究工作者对统计设计知识掌握的程度如何,决定着其研究成果质量的高低.本研究者在长期的统计设计评价和咨询工作实践中发现,多数医学研究工作者的专业设计较好,而统计设计往
1 Necessity and purpose of research Medical scientific research design includes two parts, one is professional design, and the other is statistical design. Professional design is based on professional theory and technology. What experiments and observations are envisaged to verify hypotheses or answer related professional questions? It is mainly to ensure the advanced nature of research results. Statistical design is based on the theory and methods of mathematical statistics. It considers how to make reasonable arrangements for experiments and observations, and organizes and analyzes the research results in the most effective way so as to guarantee the research results. The reliability, accuracy, and scientificity of the study. Therefore, the degree to which the medical researcher grasps the statistical design knowledge determines the quality of the research results. This researcher found in the long-term statistical design evaluation and consulting work practice. Most medical researchers have a better professional design, and statistical design