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目的:探讨影响常年性变应性鼻炎免疫治疗效果的相关因素。方法:根据患者病史所提供的线索,结合皮肤试验或激发试验,选择敏感变应原浸液,按递增剂量对164例常年性变应性鼻炎患者常规进行皮下免疫治疗,每周2次,起始浓度依据皮试反应或终点滴定试验来决定,直至102时改用维持量注射,每次0.5ml,注射间隔时间逐渐延长,至每月1次。根据患者治疗前后的症状和体征得分情况,分为显效、有效和无效。选择性别、年龄、病程、病情、伴哮喘或有哮喘史、个人和(或)家族过敏史、免疫治疗时间、皮试反应、伴随眼耳口腔瘙痒或流泪、鼻分泌物中嗜酸粒细胞等10个影响变应性鼻炎免疫治疗效果的可能因素进行多元逐步回归分析,筛查影响免疫治疗效果的因素。结果:总有效率为68.7%,其中显效率为14.4%,有效率为54.3%。影响免疫治疗效果的主要因素是免疫治疗时间,即时间越长,效果越好(P<0.01);伴哮喘或有哮喘史和年龄因素也可能影响免疫治疗效果(P值分别为0.081和0.063),即伴哮喘或有哮喘史的患者和年龄大的患者效果较差。其他因素与免疫治疗效果无关。结论:常年性变应性鼻炎免疫治疗是有效的;免疫治疗时间越长,效果越好。
Objective: To explore the influencing factors of immunotherapy of perennial allergic rhinitis. Methods: According to the clues provided by the patient’s history, combined with skin test or provocation test, the sensitive allergen immersion was selected, and 164 cases of perennial allergic rhinitis were routinely treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy at increasing doses twice a week The initial concentration based on skin test or end point titration test to decide until the 102 when the switch to maintain the amount of injection, each 0.5ml, injection interval gradually extended to once a month. According to the patient’s symptoms and signs before and after treatment, divided into markedly effective, effective and ineffective. Select gender, age, course of disease, condition, history of asthma or asthma, history of personal and / or family allergy, immunotherapy time, skin test reaction, pruritus or tearing of ear and ear, nasal discharge eosinophilia Ten possible factors influencing the immunotherapy efficacy of allergic rhinitis were analyzed by multivariate stepwise regression to screen the factors influencing the effect of immunotherapy. Results: The total effective rate was 68.7%, among which the effective rate was 14.4% and the effective rate was 54.3%. The main factors influencing the effect of immunotherapy were the time of immunotherapy, that is, the longer the time, the better the effect (P <0.01); the history of asthma or the history of asthma and age may also affect the immunotherapy effect (P = 0.081 and 0.063, respectively) , That is, patients with asthma or asthma history and older patients less effective. Other factors have nothing to do with the effect of immunotherapy. Conclusion: The immunotherapy of perennial allergic rhinitis is effective; the longer the immunotherapy, the better the effect.