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目的了解北京市平谷区中小学生传染病知识知信行现状及健康教育需求,为学校传染病健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用简单分层随机抽样方法。用EpiData 3.1数据库录入,SPSS 13.0数据分析,χ~2检验进行比较。结果 287名中小学生分别调查57道传染病防控相关知识题,其中46道传染病及其相关知识正确率最高,为96.00%,平均正确率为49.52%,高年级优于低年级;所调查2道态度题,平均正确率为42.16%;所调查的9道行为题正确率最高的是88.90%,平均为52.62%。小初高均调查的19道传染病及其相关知识题和7道行为题正确率不同年级差异有统计学意义(χ~2=69.171,P﹤0.01;χ~2=30.973,P=0.002)。在重点传染病认知情况上和获得传染病知识的途径上、喜欢获得传染病知识的形式上不同年级差异有统计学意义(χ~2=447.314,P﹤0.01;χ~2=714.577,P﹤0.01)。结论小学生对传染病知识性问题认知普遍较低;初高中对态度和行为性问题认知普遍较低;女性答题正确率高于男性。应根据不同性别不同年级采用多种方式有针对性地进行宣传。
Objective To understand the current situation of knowledge and knowledge about infectious diseases among primary and secondary students in Pinggu District, Beijing and the demand for health education, and provide the basis for the health education of infectious diseases in schools. Methods A simple stratified random sampling method was used. EpiData 3.1 database entry, SPSS 13.0 data analysis, χ ~ 2 test for comparison. Results A total of 287 primary and middle school students investigated 57 infectious disease prevention and control related knowledge questions, of which 46 were infectious diseases and related knowledge, the highest correct rate was 96.00% with an average correct rate of 49.52%. The higher grades were better than the lower grades. 2 attitude questions, the average correct rate was 42.16%; surveyed 9 behavior questions the highest correct rate was 88.90%, with an average of 52.62%. There were significant differences in the correct rates of 19 infectious diseases, their related knowledge problems and their 7 behavior scores among the different grades (χ ~ 2 = 69.171, P <0.01; χ ~ 2 = 30.973, P = 0.002) . There was a statistically significant difference in the grade of knowledge of infectious diseases among the priority cognition of infectious diseases and knowledge of infectious diseases (χ ~ 2 = 447.314, P <0.01; χ ~ 2 = 714.577, P <0.01). Conclusions Primary school students generally have low cognitive knowledge of infectious diseases; junior high school students generally have low awareness of attitude and behavioral problems; women have higher correct answers than men. Should be based on different gender levels in a variety of ways to carry out targeted publicity.