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在光照区航天器表面光电子电流大于环境电流,一般而言航天器光照面带正电,而在轨数据表明其也能充电至很高的负电位。本文建立了单极-双极和单极-四极两种解析模型,给出了光照条件下球形航天器表面差异电位分布,描述了势垒的高度和半径随极化强度的变化关系以及航天器的空间电位分布规律。结果表明航天器光照面会形成一个阻滞光电子发射的势垒,从而使航天器光照区带负电,最后通过与LANL地球同步轨道航天器在轨数据的对比验证了该模型的正确性。
In the illumination area, the photoelectron current on the surface of the spacecraft is greater than the ambient current. In general, the spacecraft illumination is positively charged, while on-orbit data indicates that it can also be charged to a very high negative potential. In this paper, two analytical models of unipolar-bipolar and unipolar-quadrupole are set up. The surface potential difference distribution of the spherical spacecraft under illumination is given. The relationship between the height and radius of the barrier and the polarization is described. The distribution of space potential. The results show that the spacecraft illumination surface will form a potential barrier that blocks the photoelectron emission, thus negatively illuminating the illumination area of the spacecraft. Finally, the correctness of the model is verified by comparing with orbit data of LANL geosynchronous orbit spacecraft.