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实蝇类害虫严重危害多种水果和蔬菜,是世界果蔬产业最重要的害虫类群之一,严重影响了发生地的果蔬生产和出口贸易活动。昆虫不育技术(SIT)是一种物种特异和环境友好型防治措施,在多种实蝇类害虫的防治、阻截和根除中起到了不可替代的重要作用。通过分子生物学技术对昆虫的基因组进行遗传修饰,可对SIT进行改进,提高其防控效果并扩大应用的物种范围,近年来相关方面的研究已取得重要进展,成为害虫遗传控制的研究热点。本文阐述了通过受四环素调控的tet-off基因表达系统来实现昆虫“不育”的基本原理和在果蝇及其他几种主要实蝇类害虫中建立的不同类型的遗传控制体系,以及类似体系在其他农业昆虫中的应用情况。简要介绍了在橘小实蝇遗传控制技术体系构建方面的工作进展,并对该技术的在害虫综合治理(IPM)尤其是实蝇类害虫防治中的应用前景进行了讨论和展望。
Fruit flies pests severely endanger a variety of fruits and vegetables, is the world’s fruit and vegetable industry one of the most important pest groups, has seriously affected the occurrence of fruit and vegetable production and export trade activities. Insect sterility (SIT) is a species-specific and environment-friendly control that plays an irreplaceable role in the control, interception and eradication of many fruit fly pests. Genetic modification of insect genome through molecular biology technology can improve SIT, enhance its prevention and control effect and expand the range of species to be applied. In recent years, significant progress has been made in relevant aspects and become a hot research topic of genetic control of pests. This article describes the rationale behind the implementation of tet-off gene expression systems controlled by tetracycline for insect “sterility” and the different types of genetic control systems established in Drosophila and several other major fruit fly pests, as well as Application of similar systems in other agricultural insects. This paper briefly introduced the progress in the construction of the genetic control technology system of the orange fruit fly, and discussed the prospects of its application in the pest integrated management (IPM) especially the fruit fly pest control.