水锤是管道破坏、接头松动、漏水、阀门和龙头严重损坏以及管道振动和产生锤击噪音的最重要原因。水锤是由于迅速关闭阀门或龙头而使管道中水流运动突然停止或急剧减速而产生的。这种立即停止的流动产生一个压力波,这个压力波以声音的速度从阀门向上游传播,直到它到达一个大口径的调压井或水箱以后这个波才被重新反射回到阀门,引起管道中 Water hammer is the most important cause of pipe damage, loose fittings, water leaks, serious damage to valves and faucets, and pipe vibration and hammering noise. Water hammer is caused by a sudden stop or rapid deceleration of the flow of water in the pipe due to the rapid closure of the valve or faucet. This immediately stopped flow creates a pressure wave that propagates upwardly from the valve at the speed of sound until it reaches a large diameter surge tank or tank. This wave is then reflected back into the valve causing the