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病毒性肝炎的免疫学研究,除血清免疫外,尚包括免疫病理研究。免疫病理从广义上说,是指感染肝炎病毒后机体免疫状态的异常表现,包括体液和细胞免疫的改变。而狭义的免疫病理指通过组织化学和免疫组织化学方法,检查肝组织内病毒抗原及其它标志(Marker),探讨肝炎的免疫损伤机理。由于免疫病理研究足对肝组织病变、病毒标志及其它免疫成分的研究,与血清免疫研究相比,具有直接、精确及原位(in situ)的特点,更有说服力。现将病毒性肝炎免疫病理研究所涉及有关问题介绍如下:
Immunological studies of viral hepatitis include, in addition to serum immunity, immunopathological studies. In a broad sense, immune pathology refers to the abnormal manifestation of the immune status of the host after infection with hepatitis virus, including changes in humoral and cellular immunity. The narrow immunopathology refers to the histochemical and immunohistochemical methods to detect viral antigens in liver tissue and other markers (Marker) to explore the immune mechanism of hepatitis. Studies of liver pathology, viral markers and other immune components due to immunopathological studies are more convincing than direct immunological studies, with direct, accurate and in situ characteristics. Now the research on the immunological pathology of viral hepatitis involves the following issues: