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目的了解四川省2008—2014年恙虫病流行特点,为制定合理有效的防治措施提供科学依据。方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的2008—2014年四川省恙虫病病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2008—2014年四川省共报告恙虫病病例1 718例,年均报告发病率为0.30/10万,其中2010年发病率最高,达0.43/10万,呈逐年升高趋势(χ2趋势=3.54,P<0.001)。全省21个市州中15个市州有病例报告,其中攀枝花市共报告病例1 092例,占63.56%。夏秋季为发病高峰,7—9月份发病占82.31%。男女发病率无统计学意义(χ2=3.80,P>0.05)。2岁组发病率最高(0.96/10万),80岁及以上组发病率最低(0.14/10万)。不同年龄组发病率间差异有统计学意义(χ2=1.192,P<0.001)。职业以农民为主,占总报告病例数的64.38%。结论四川省恙虫病高发地区主要在攀枝花市,应加强该市恙虫病防制工作,研究发病危险因素,在流行季节开展针对农民等重点人群的健康宣传教育工作,降低恙虫病发病水平。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Sichuan Province from 2008 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for making reasonable and effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of tsutsugamushi disease in Sichuan province from 2008 to 2014, which was reported in China’s disease prevention and control information system, was conducted. Results A total of 1 718 tsutsugamushi cases were reported in Sichuan province from 2008 to 2014, with an annual average incidence of 0.30 / 100 000, of which the highest incidence was 0.43 per 100 000 in 2010, showing an increasing trend year by year (χ2 trend = 3.54 , P <0.001). There are case reports in 15 cities and prefectures of 21 cities and prefectures in the province, of which 1 092 cases were reported in Panzhihua City, accounting for 63.56%. Summer and autumn peak incidence, incidence of 7-September accounted for 82.31%. The incidence of men and women was not statistically significant (χ2 = 3.80, P> 0.05). The highest incidence of 2-year-old group (0.96 / 100,000), the lowest incidence of 80-year-old group and above (0.14 / 100,000). The incidence of different age groups was significantly different (χ2 = 1.192, P <0.001). Occupation was dominated by peasants, accounting for 64.38% of the total reported cases. Conclusion The high incidence of tsutsugamushi disease in Sichuan Province is mainly in Panzhihua City. The prevention and control of tsutsugamushi disease in the city should be strengthened to study the risk factors of diseases. Health publicity and education should be carried out on key populations such as peasants during the season to reduce the incidence of tsutsugamushi disease.