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土壤风蚀是土地沙漠化过程的重要组成部分和首要环节,对其危险度评价的最终目的在于有效地控制土壤风蚀。选取风力、植被、气温、降水、地形、土壤等因子,在ArcGIS 9.3平台支持下,建立土壤风蚀环境因子数据库,采用层次分析法(AHP)构建土壤风蚀危险度评价模型,对榆林市土壤风蚀危险度进行评价。结果表明:(1)基于GIS技术的土壤风蚀危险度评价可宏观地揭示该区域土壤风蚀危险度空间格局特征。(2)风力、植被、气温、降水、地形、土壤等因素控制着土壤风蚀空间分异格局。(3)榆林市土壤风蚀危险度空间分异格局呈带状分布,表现为危险度从西北向东南逐渐降低。
Soil erosion is an important part of the desertification process and the most important part. The ultimate goal of the risk assessment is to effectively control soil erosion. With the support of ArcGIS 9.3, a database of wind erosion environmental factors was established and AHP was used to build a risk assessment model of wind erosion risk. Soil erosion risk of Yulin City Degree for evaluation. The results show that: (1) The risk assessment of soil wind erosion based on GIS technology can macroscopically reveal the spatial pattern of soil wind erosion risk in this area. (2) Wind, vegetation, temperature, precipitation, topography, soil and other factors control the spatial pattern of soil erosion. (3) Spatial heterogeneity of soil wind erosion risk in Yulin City belonged to zonal distribution, showing the risk decreasing gradually from northwest to southeast.