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【目的】探讨福州市病残儿的疾病种类和发病规律,为优生优育提供有益借鉴。【方法】对福州市辖区内(5区6县2市)1998—2009年参加病残儿医学鉴定者的保留资料(1936例)进行分析。【结果】1)男女性别比为3.14∶1;2)病残儿神经系统疾病的发病率最高,占病残儿总数的57.23%;其次为五官疾病,第三位为心血管疾病;3)在病残儿疾病病种构成中,前五位依次为智力低下、脑瘫、先天性心脏病、脑发育不全、癫痫,占49.48%;4)12年间病残儿疾病病种的前三位无变化,依次是智力低下、脑瘫、先天性心脏病。【结论】积极开展优生优育工作,降低病残儿的出生率,提高出生人口素质。
【Objective】 To explore the disease types and pathogenesis of disabled children in Fuzhou and to provide beneficial reference for prenatal and postnatal care. 【Method】 The data of 1936 cases of medical identification of disabled children from 1998 to 2009 were analyzed in Fuzhou City (5 districts, 6 counties and 2 cities). 【Results】 1) The male / female sex ratio was 3.14:1; 2) The morbidity of sick children was the highest, accounting for 57.23% of the total number of disabled children; followed by facial features and the third was cardiovascular diseases; 3) In the constitution of sick and disabled children, the top five in order were mental retardation, cerebral palsy, congenital heart disease, brain hypoplasia, epilepsy, accounting for 49.48%; 4) The top three diseases of disabled children in 12 years Changes, followed by mental retardation, cerebral palsy, congenital heart disease. 【Conclusion】 Actively carry out the work of prenatal and postnatal care, reduce the birth rate of disabled children and improve the quality of the born population.