农村养老保险是我国社会保障体系中关系亿万农民生活质量的重要内容。建立和完善新型农村养老保障制度,对于解决农村人口老龄化问题和农村传统的家庭养老模式所面临的挑战有着十分重要的意义,也是构建和谐社会的应有之义。本文以安徽省肥东县农村养老保险为调查对象,重点分析了新农保推进中存在的收入制约问题,提出农民增收稳收是推动新型农村养老保险可持续发展的关键。 Rural endowment insurance is an important part of the quality of life of hundreds of millions of peasants in China’s social security system. Establishing and perfecting the new-type rural old-age security system is of great significance to solving the challenge of rural population aging and the rural old-age model of endowment-care and also the proper meaning of building a harmonious society. In this paper, we take the rural endowment insurance in Feidong County of Anhui Province as the survey object, and focus on the analysis of the existing income constraints in promoting the new rural insurance. It is pointed out that increasing peasants’ income and steadying steadily is the key to promoting the sustainable development of the new rural endowment insurance.