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目的:构建和比较女性海洛因强戒人员与新型毒品强戒人员戒毒动机影响路径,为针对性提升和维持戒毒动机提供参考。方法:采用随机取样法在贵州某强戒所现场调查255名女性强戒人员,调查内容包括自编问卷、戒毒动机量表、非理性信念量表、社会支持问卷、人际反应指针量表、渴求度量表和事件影响量表。利用t检验比较上述各变量在两类戒毒者之间的差异;采用Pearson相关及线性回归分析变量间的关系、探讨戒毒动机的影响路径。结果:海洛因强戒者渴求度得分高于新型毒品强戒者(t=5.49,P=0.000),其余变量得分没有显著性差异。两类戒毒者共情能力对其戒毒动机均存在正向影响,而共情能力均受到创伤性经验的正向影响。同时,戒毒动机的影响路径在两类戒毒者间存在差异,其中海洛因强戒者的渴求度对其戒毒动机没有显著性影响,而新型毒品强戒者的渴求度对其戒毒动机存在负向影响(β=-0.324,P=0.000),且受到非理性信念的正向影响(β=0.657,P=0.000);社会支持对海洛因戒强戒者的创伤性体验存在负向影响(β=-0.197,P=0.02),但对新型毒品的戒毒动机不存在显著性影响(β=0.09,P=0.211)。结论:两类女性强戒者的戒毒动机均受到共情能力、创伤性体验的影响;但非理性信念、渴求度、社会支持对两类戒毒者戒毒动机的影响路径存在差异。
Objective: To construct and compare the path of drug abuse motivation of heroin patients with strong forbidden staff and to provide a reference for improving and maintaining motivation of drug addiction. Methods: A total of 255 female members of the strong forbidden population were investigated in a strong place in Guizhou by random sampling method. The survey included self-compiled questionnaires, motivation-abstinence scale, irrational belief scale, social support questionnaire, interpersonal reaction index scale, Meters and Events Impact Scale. The differences of the above variables between the two types of drug addicts were compared by t-test. Pearson correlation and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between variables to explore the influence path of drug addiction motivation. Results: Heroin prednisone craving scores higher than the new drug abusers (t = 5.49, P = 0.000), the remaining variables score was not significantly different. The empathy ability of both drug addicts has a positive effect on their motivation to abstinence, while the empathy ability is positively influenced by traumatic experience. At the same time, there are differences in the path of drug abuse motivation between the two types of drug addicts. Among them, the thirst degree of heroin addicts has no significant effect on drug addiction motivation, while the thirst degree of new drug addicts has a negative effect on drug addiction motivation (β = -0.324, P = 0.000), and was positively influenced by irrational beliefs (β = 0.657, P = 0.000). Social support had a negative effect on the traumatic experience of heroin abusers (β = - 0.197, P = 0.02), but there was no significant effect on the drug addiction motivation (β = 0.09, P = 0.211). CONCLUSION: The motivation of drug abstinence in both groups is affected by empathy and traumatic experience. However, irrational beliefs, thirst and social support have different pathways of influence on drug addiction motivation.