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目的观察青年、老年股骨距的显微结构。方法取１８～３０岁青年男性及６０岁以上老年（性别不详）冷藏尸体股骨上段各６根，ＣＴ扫描后，由股骨距起点开始向远端做连续三层股骨截片，每层厚５ｍｍ，对股骨截片先做Ｘ线摄片，然后分别对其中的股骨距进行光镜和扫描电镜观察。结果在横截面上股骨距分为三个区域：股骨距近端为皮质骨，附着于股骨内侧皮质，主要功能是加强股骨颈根部；中部为疏松皮质骨；而到远端则为松质骨。中远端的主要功能是将髋部的压缩载荷传递到小转子下股骨内侧皮质，从而进一步减轻股骨颈的负担。老年股骨距可发生严重骨吸收，在松质骨区尤为严重。结论骨量减少、三维显微结构和超微结构的破坏可导致股骨距的力学性能和载荷传递能力下降。
Objective To observe the microstructure of the femur in young and old. Methods Six females aged 18 ~ 30 years and six females aged above 60 years old (unknown sex) were respectively harvested from the femur. After CT scan, The first to do X-ray film of femur section, and then respectively among the femur from the light microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Results In the transverse section, the femoral distance was divided into three regions: the proximal femur was cortical bone, attached to the medial femur cortex, the main function is to strengthen the femoral neck root; the middle is loose cortical bone; to the distal end is cancellous bone . The main function of the mid-distal is to transmit the compressive load of the hip to the medial femoral cortex of the lesser trochanter to further reduce the burden on the femoral neck. Severe bone resorption can occur in the elderly femoral bone, especially in the cancellous bone area. Conclusion The decrease of bone mass, the destruction of three-dimensional microstructure and ultrastructure can lead to the decrease of mechanical properties and load transfer ability of the femur.