国内外的研究表明,政府在教育、医疗卫生、社会保障等公共服务方面支出的增加,能有效促进居民消费。近年来我国政府对教育、医疗卫生和社会保障的支出有较快增长,但其在财政总支出中的比重没有明显变化,且显著低于国际平均水平。这导致居民在教育、医疗等方面的消费支出比重不断上升,社会保障支出增长过快,影响居民可支配收入增长,并降低居民消费倾向。因此,今后应进一步优化政府支出结构,充分发挥财政政策在扩内需、调结构方面的中长期作用。 Research at home and abroad shows that government spending on public services such as education, health care and social security can effectively boost residents’ consumption. In recent years, the government of our country has witnessed rapid growth in spending on education, health care and social security, but its proportion in total fiscal expenditure has not changed significantly, and is significantly lower than the international average. This leads to the rising proportion of residents ’spending on education and medical care, the rapid growth of social security spending, the increase of disposable income of residents, and the reduction of residents’ propensity to consume. Therefore, in the future, we should further optimize the structure of government expenditures and give full play to the medium and long-term role of fiscal policies in expanding domestic demand and adjusting the structure.