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以湖北省太子山林场管理局仙女林场马尾松无性系种子园为研究对象,对其花粉散发及其空间分布特征进行研究,结果表明:散粉期间种子园大气中花粉量呈现低-高-低节律,散粉的高峰期一般出现在散粉的中期,持续3~5d,不同日期大气散粉量之间存在极显著性差异。在高峰期间,不同时段种子园大气中花粉量亦呈现低-高-低节律,高峰时间段一般出现在10:00-14:00,高峰期内不同时段大气花粉量之间存在极显著性差异。种子园外大气花粉量随传播距离的增大而减小,并呈S曲线。影响马尾松花粉散发的因子有风速、温度、大气相对湿度及地形等。依据种子园外大气花粉量与距离的关系,为防止外源花粉污染,建议马尾松种子园的隔离距离在1 000m以上,以提高种子园种子的遗传品质。
The pollen dispersal and its spatial distribution were studied in the Masson pine clonal seed orchard of Taizishan Forest Farm in Hubei Province. The results showed that the pollen amount in the seed orchard of the seedling showed a low-high-low rhythm , The peak of loose powder generally appears in the middle of scattered powder, lasts 3 ~ 5d, there is a very significant difference in the amount of loose powder in different days. During the peak period, the pollen amount in the atmosphere of seed orchard at different periods also showed low-high-low rhythm. The peak period generally occurred at 10: 00-14: 00. There was a significant difference in the atmospheric pollen amount at different periods during the peak period . Atmospheric pollen amount outside the seed garden decreased with the propagation distance, and showed an S curve. Factors that affect the distribution of pollen of Pinus massoniana include wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and topography. According to the relation between atmospheric pollen amount and distance in the seed garden, in order to prevent exogenous pollen pollution, it is suggested that the isolation distance of the masson pine seed orchard should be more than 1 000 m in order to improve the genetic quality of the seed orchard.