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本文从水资源禀赋的特征和区域比较剖析西北地区水资源的稀缺性 ,进行了西北地区水资源的利用结构与效率的动态变化和横向比较分析。通过西北地区产值增长所需水资源的来源计算分析 ,得知用水效率提高是支撑西北地区最近 2 0年经济增长的主要措施。在此基础上 ,估计西北地区水资源支撑经济增长的潜力。提出了控制农业灌溉面积、水价要反映水资源稀缺程度的变化、发育集体或民营供水企业、从水权交易入手调整用水结构、发挥政府在增加生态用水中的作用、注重开展节水技术的负面影响的调研、慎重调水种粮等值得注意和探讨的问题 ,并做出总结性评论。
This paper analyzes the scarcity of water resources in Northwest China from the characteristics and regions of water resources endowments, and makes a dynamic change and comparative analysis of the utilization structure and efficiency of water resources in Northwest China. Through the calculation and analysis of the sources of water resources needed for the growth of output value in the northwest region, it is found that the improvement of water efficiency is the main measure to support the economic growth in Northwest China in the recent 20 years. On this basis, we estimate the potential of water resources in Northwest China to support economic growth. Proposed to control the area of agricultural irrigation, water prices to reflect changes in the degree of scarcity of water resources, development of collective or private water supply enterprises, starting from the water rights transactions to adjust water use structure, to play a government role in increasing ecological water, focusing on water conservation technology to carry out the negative Impact research, careful water diversion and other issues worthy of attention and discussion, and make concluding comments.