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马克·吐温(1835-1910),美国著名小说家,幽默讽刺作家,是19世纪美国现实主义文学主要奠基人之一。他在现实主义小说理论和小说语言风格方面,为美国文学的发展做出了卓越贡献。马克·吐温开创了美国小说语言口语化的先河,对后世作家如舍伍德·安德森、厄内斯特·海明威、威廉·福克纳等产生了巨大影响。英国著名作家萧伯纳称马克·吐温为语言大师。马克·吐温的作品既有现实主义的描写,又有浪漫主义的情调。他针砭时弊,愤世嫉俗,在他的作品中,常常运用幽默、讽刺的手法,对社会的批评一针见血,尖刻犀利,使批判对象的丑恶嘴脸暴露无遗。小说《坏小子的故事》中的主人公吉姆,从小就是一个劣迹斑斑、不学无术的地地道道的坏小子,长大后成为一个横行乡里、为非作歹、凶残无比的恶霸,然而,就是这样一个无赖,却成为一个受人尊重的议员。这里作者运用幽默、讽刺的手法,对当时的美国社会进行了绝妙的讽刺和嘲弄,作者对小说中的人物性格刻画入木三分,充分体现了作者高超的写作艺术手法。
Mark Twain (1835-1910), a famous American novelist and humor satire, is one of the main founders of American realist literature in the 19th century. He has made outstanding contributions to the development of American literature in terms of realist novel theories and novel language styles. Mark Twain pioneered the colloquialization of the American novel language, and had a great influence on later writers such as Sherwood Anderson, Ernest Hemingway, and William Faulkner. The famous British writer Bernard Shaw called Mark Twain a master of language. Mark Twain’s works have both realism and romanticism. He criticized the cynicism and cynicism. In his works, he often used humor and sarcastic techniques to make criticisms of society straightforward and sharp and sharp, exposing the ugly face of critics. The hero of the novel The Story of the Bad Boy, Jim, was a bad, ridiculously bad boy who grew up and became a bully in the countryside, unscrupulous and murderous. However, it was such a bully. The rogue has become a respected member. Here, the author used humor and irony to perform a wonderful satire and mockery of American society at that time. The author portrays the characters in the novel and fully reflects the author’s writing techniques.