近代出版业之所以能够在艰难岁月中得到发展,相互的竞争是一个重要的原因。而竞争的展开,乃依赖于近代中国图书市场的初步形成。竞争是一个发展的契机中国近代出版业的主体是民营出版社,许多民营出版社的出现乃是竞争的结果。中华书局的成立是最为典型的一例,它是瞅准了商务的一个失误而成立的。这就是近代史上有名的教科书事件。辛亥前夕,“商务同仁 The reason why the publishing industry in modern times can be developed in a difficult time and the mutual competition is an important reason. The start of the competition relies on the initial formation of the modern Chinese book market. Competition is an Opportunity for Development China’s modern publishing industry is dominated by private publishing houses, and the emergence of many privately owned publishing houses is the result of competition. The establishment of Zhonghua Book Company is the most typical example, which is aimed at a business mistake set up. This is a well-known textbook incident in modern history. Xinhai eve, "business colleagues