隐士虽然是我国古代社会的边缘人,但是作为一个特殊的社会阶层,他们对我国的政治、文化以及文人们的精神心理都产生着重大影响,也受到历代统治者的褒扬或者重视。文章把我国古代的隐士分为四大文化原型,即:儒家手段式的待时之隐、道家目的式的适性之隐、佛家超脱红尘的方外之隐以及墨家兴利除害的侠士之隐。 Although hermits are marginal people in ancient Chinese society, as a special social stratum, they have a great influence on the politics and culture of our country as well as the psychology of the literati. They are also praised or valued by the rulers of all ages. The article divides the ancient hermits in our country into four major cultural prototypes, namely, the Confucianist method of staying time, the Taoist adaptation of the Taoist style, the Buddhist extraterritoriality and the Mohist Hide of persons.