德国,这个后起的帝国主义国家,在19世纪末20世纪初爬上了欧洲第一号强国的宝座。第一次世界大战把它从顶峰上掀落下来,1919年巴黎和会上签订的《凡尔赛条约》紧紧地束缚住了德国的手脚。当时,一些为协约国胜利所迷惑的外交史家,认为从此天下太平,可以高枕无忧了。但历史的发展完全出乎他们的预料,德国战败后仅用十年就在经济上和政治上恢复了它的欧洲强国地位。德国军国主义为什么如此迅速地复活起来?原因是多方面的。本文主要想从德国二十年代的外交目标和策略的角度进行一些初步的探讨。1 第一次世界大战结束后,战败的德国在欧洲政治舞台上,运用纵横捭阖的外交手腕,同战胜国明争暗斗,策略巧妙、灵活、多变,分阶段地实现了它预定的外交目标。按照《凡尔赛条约》规定,德国的所有殖民地全部让给战胜国;德国原有领土减少八分 Germany, the later imperialist country, climbed the throne of the number one European power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. World War I brought it off from its peak. The Treaty of Versailles signed at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference tightly strangled Germany’s hands and feet. At that time, some diplomatic historians who were bewildered by the victory of the Allies wondered that they would have peace of mind since then. However, the development of history was totally beyond their expectations. After only 10 years in defeat, Germany has regained its European power status economically and politically. Why German militarism revived so rapidly? The reasons are many. This article mainly tries to make some preliminary discussions from the perspective of German diplomatic goals and tactics in the 1920s. 1 After the end of the First World War, the defeated Germany, on the political arena in Europe, used all its diplomatic tactics to fight against the victors. The strategy was clever, flexible and changeable, and its scheduled diplomatic goal was achieved in stages. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, all the colonies in Germany were given to the victors; the original territory of Germany was reduced by eight points