目的　探讨溃疡性结肠炎的临床及内镜下特点。方法　对 5年来肠镜检出的 5 6例溃疡性结肠炎患者进行回顾性分析。结果　本组 5 6例溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床及内镜下表现复杂多样 ,急性活动期占 71.4 % ,病变以直、乙状结肠型和左侧结肠型多见。结论　内镜检查可确定溃疡性结肠炎病变的范围、程度、分期和有无癌变 ,为临床治疗提供重要依据 Objective To investigate the clinical and endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 56 patients with ulcerative colitis detected by enteroscopy in 5 years was performed. Results The clinical and endoscopic manifestations of 56 patients with ulcerative colitis in this group were complicated and varied. The acute stage accounted for 71.4%. The lesions were found in straight, sigmoid colon and left colon. Conclusion Endoscopy can determine the extent, degree, stage and presence of cancer of ulcerative colitis, and provide an important basis for clinical treatment