新近的研究表明，新生儿对疼痛较成年人及年长儿敏感，不处理会导致短期和长期的不利效果，特别是早产儿，生后的早期疼痛应激与脑室出血和脑白质软化有关。新生儿不会自述疼痛，对其疼痛的判断只能依据行为表现和一些生理指标的测量。新生儿加强监护病房医疗过程中操作性疼痛是住院新生儿最常见的疼痛应激，但往往得不到足够的重视。新生儿疼痛的处理包括药物和非药物性手段。足跟采血引起的疼痛应激很强烈，药物治疗常常无效，可哺喂糖水或非营养性吸吮给予安慰治疗，次数不多的采血可考虑使用静脉取血。利多卡因／丙胺卡因油剂可以安全有效地减轻新生儿静脉采血所致的疼痛。 Recent studies have shown that newborns are more sensitive to pain than adults and older children. Failure to do so results in short-term and long-term adverse effects, especially in premature infants and early post-natal pain associated with ventricular hemorrhage and white matter softening. Neonates do not report pain, and the judgment of their pain can only be based on behavioral performance and some physiological measurements. Newborn Intensive Care Unit During the medical procedure, operative pain is the most common pain stress in hospitalized newborns, but often fails to receive enough attention. Neonatal pain treatment includes both medical and non-medical means. Heel pain caused by blood collection is very strong, drug treatment is often ineffective, can be fed with sugar water or non-nutritive sucking to give comfort treatment, a small number of blood may consider the use of venous blood. Lidocaine / prilocaine oil can safely and effectively reduce the pain caused by neonatal blood sampling.