[目的 ]　探讨烹调油烟致肺损伤的可能机理。 [方法 ]　大鼠吸入浓度为 43± 4mg/m3 的烹调油烟 ,分三个时相观察肺部病理改变 ,肺S9中MDA含量及SOD酶活性 ,肺P53 基因表达蛋白水平。 [结果 ]　肺部病理改变以炎症为主 ,尚有肺泡上皮增生、腺样化生、不典型腺样增生。肺S9中MDA含量明显升高 ,SOD明显降低 ,增生肺组织中P53 蛋白表达增高。 [结论 ]　烹调油烟可致肺组织腺样化生与癌前病变 ,肺组织氧化损伤与P53 蛋白表达增高可能是肺部病变的机理。 [Objective] To explore the possible mechanism of lung injury caused by cooking fumes. [Method] The cooking oil fume of 43 ± 4mg / m3 was inhaled in rats. Pathological changes of lungs were observed in three phases. The content of MDA and the activity of SOD in lung S9 and the protein level of lung P53 gene were detected. [Results] The main pathological changes of lung were inflammation, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, adenoid metaplasia and atypical adenoid hyperplasia. Lung S9 MDA content was significantly increased, SOD decreased significantly, P53 protein expression in hyperplastic lung tissue increased. [Conclusion] cooking fumes can cause lung adenoid metaplasia and precancerous lesions, oxidative damage of lung tissue and increased expression of P53 protein may be the mechanism of pulmonary lesions.