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目的分析江阴市2004—2014年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)流行特征,为制定甲肝防控策略提供依据。方法收集江阴市2004—2014年甲肝疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2004—2014年江阴市共报告甲肝300例,年均发病率为1.80/10万;2004—2007年(纳入免疫规划前)年均发病率为3.87/10万,2008—2014年(纳入免疫规划后)年均发病率为0.69/10万,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全市16个乡镇(街道)均有病例报告,城区发病数为58例,年均发病率为0.87/10万,农村地区发病数为242例,年均发病率为2.41/10万,农村地区年均发病率高于城区(P<0.01)。男性204例,女性96例,男女性别比为2.13∶1。30~39岁组发病率最高为2.98/10万,占总病例数的29.67%。职业以农民报告病例数最多,共133例(占44.33%)。结论江阴市2004—2014年甲肝发病率总体呈下降趋势,并维持在较低水平,以接种甲肝疫苗为主的综合防控措施效果显著。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus in Jiangyin City from 2004 to 2014 and provide the evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis A virus. Methods The data of Hepatitis A in 2004-2014 collected in Jiangyin City were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 300 hepatitis A cases were reported in Jiangyin City from 2004 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 1.80 / 100 000. The average annual incidence rate was 3.87 / 100 000 between 2004 and 2007 (before inclusion in the immunization program) and 2008-2014 After planning, the average annual incidence rate was 0.69 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The city’s 16 townships (streets) have case reports, the urban number of cases of 58 cases, the average annual incidence rate of 0.87 / 100,000, the incidence of 242 cases in rural areas, the annual average incidence was 2.41 / 100,000, rural areas in years The average incidence was higher than that in urban areas (P <0.01). There were 204 males and 96 females, with a sex ratio of 2.13: 1. The highest incidence was 2.98 / lakh in 30-39 years old group, accounting for 29.67% of the total number of cases. Occupation reported the largest number of farmers, a total of 133 cases (44.33%). Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis A in Jiangyin City decreased from 2004 to 2014 generally and maintained at a relatively low level. The comprehensive prevention and control measures with hepatitis A vaccine were the most effective.