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概论在正常性生活情况下,由于机体对生殖过程中任一环节产生自发性免疫,延迟受孕三年以上,称为免疫性不孕症。生殖细胞、受精卵、生殖内分泌系统及其所分泌的激素均可作为抗原激起免疫应答。针对生殖系统的自身免疫在两性均可发生;来自男方的抗原成分(如精液)具有外源性抗原遗传结构,可引起配偶的同种免疫,其中由Y染色体基因群所控制的抗原决定簇引起的同种免疫为同种异系免疫,50%以上的精子表面具有这种抗原决定簇;由主要组织相容性复合物决定的抗原决定簇所致的同种免疫为同种异体免疫,在人类除同卵孪生外,不同个体间主要组织相容性抗原不完全相同.如HLA抗原、血型抗原及分化抗原。
Introduction Under normal circumstances, due to the body of any part of the reproductive process spontaneous immunity, delayed pregnancy for more than three years, known as immune infertility. Germ cells, fertilized eggs, reproductive and endocrine systems and their secreted hormones can act as antigens to provoke an immune response. The autoimmunity against the reproductive system can occur both in the sexes; antigen components (such as semen) from the man have an exogenous antigenic genetic structure that can cause spousal alloimmunization in which the epitopes controlled by the Y chromosome gene cluster are caused Alloimmunity is allogeneic immunization, and more than 50% of the sperm surface has this epitope; the alloimmunity caused by the antigenic determinant determined by the major histocompatibility complex is allogeneic immunization, In addition to human identical twins, different organizations of major histocompatibility antigens are not exactly the same, such as HLA antigens, blood group antigen and differentiation antigen.