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18世纪末,古俄罗斯手稿搜集家在北方一座寺院的库房里发现了一部未署名的文学作品。这部作品在今天已理所当然地跻身世界文学宝库之中。它就是叙述800年前在罗斯发生的那些事件的史诗《伊戈尔远征记》。当时基辅罗斯国正经历着苦难,封建王公的不和削弱了国家,东方的游牧部落趁机骚扰。先是侵袭俄罗斯的土地,继而发展成“连年的战争”。面临日趋严重的危机,王公们终于达成了统一行动的协议,予侵略者以沉重的打击。波洛韦茨人受到沉重的打击后退居黑海沿岸草原的深处。当时只有一个大公没有参加伟大的解放远征,那就是伊戈尔·诺夫哥罗德-塞维尔斯基。他是一个刚毅、勇武的军人,崇高的爱国者,却热衷于个人的荣誉。他作出了狂妄的决定:“我们独享未来的光荣。”于是,他于1185年,率领了一支小部队去进攻游牧人。经过了浴血苦战,部队被击溃,自己受了伤、被俘,逃跑……由于给重新来犯的敌人“打开了大门”,使罗斯陷入了剑与火之中。诺夫哥罗德-塞维尔斯基公国的统治者的轻举妄动,给祖国带来了灾难。《远征记》的作者谴责大公的轻率,同时热情洋溢地号召俄国的大公们团结起来,重整旗鼓,共同对敌,保卫俄国的领土,为“伊戈尔的创伤”报仇。这就是《远征记》的全部内容和思想。伊戈尔部队的溃败、罗斯的苦难、波洛韦茨人象“雪豹占据自己的巢穴”一样占据着罗斯以及伊戈尔的忏悔。《远征记》对这些详加描述的目的就是要证明国内大公们的互相倾轧必须停止。只有和睦共处才能给异族侵略者以沉重的打击,建立起强大的罗斯。《伊戈尔远征记》问世800年了,究竟其作者是何人,成书之日又在何时?莫斯科的文学家弗拉基米尔·契维里欣提出了颇有意义的论证。
At the end of the 18th century, ancient Russian manuscript collectors found an undetermined literary piece in the treasury of a monastery in the north. Today, this work has certainly been among the world’s literary treasures. It is the epic Igor Expedition that chronicles events that took place in Rose 800 years ago. At that time, the state of Kirov was experiencing suffering. The feudal princes’ discontent had weakened the country and the nomadic tribes in the east took the opportunity to harass them. The first invasion of Russia’s land, and then developed into “years of war.” In the face of an increasingly serious crisis, the princes finally reached an agreement on unifying actions and gave the aggressors a heavy blow. The Polovts were heavily hit back into the depths of the Black Sea coast. At that time there was only one Grand Duke who did not participate in the Great Liberation Expedition, which was Igor Novgorod Severski. He is a resolute, brave soldier, noble patriot, but keen on personal honor. He made the arrogant decision: “We enjoy the glory of the future.” So in 1185, he led a small force to attack nomads. After bloody battles, the troops were defeated, their wounded, captured and escaped ... They “plunged the door” into the enemies who were re-committed and plunged Rose into a sword and a fire. The rudeness of the ruler of the Principality of Novgorod-Selversky brought disasters to the motherland. The author of The Expedition condemned Grand Duke’s recklessness and at the same time enthusiastically called on the great Russian beings to unite, reunify their enemies, defend the Russian territory and avenge “Igor’s trauma.” This is the whole content and thought of The Expedition. The defeat of the Igor troops, the misery of Rose, and the polocts occupy the confession of Rose and Igor just as the Snow Leopards occupy their nests. The purpose of these detailed descriptions of the Expeditionary Record is to prove that the mutual insolence of the grand princes in China must stop. Only a harmonious coexistence in order to give alien invaders a heavy blow to establish a strong Rose. The “Igor Expedition” came out 800 years ago, exactly what its author is, when is the date of the book? The Moscow writer Vladimir Chevillish made quite significant arguments.