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五、低温获得在今后的20年之内,低温获得的应用仍将在大型和小型低温装置这两个方面获得更大的进展。大型低温获得装置的应用引人注目。超大型氦液化器和氢液化器将在大型托卡马克装置和超导贮能装置中获得应用。这时,需要100千瓦(3万升/小时)的氦液化器或500千瓦(2.5万升/小时)的氢液化器。相比较之下,这样大的氢液化装置更容易实现。2.5万升/小时相当于42.2吨/天,目前美国已有60吨/天的液氢生产设备。对于更大型的托卡马克装置需要的冷量在4.2K 时为211千瓦,对于10~(10)瓦的超导贮能装置来说,需要的冷量在4.2K 时为51千瓦。这种需要就意味着必须考虑设计200吨/天的液氢生产设备。液氢在航空工业中的应用将会逐渐实现。氢是一种清洁的高能燃料,由于易爆性的原因
Fifth, low temperature access In the next 20 years, low temperature access to the application will still be large and small cryogenic devices in these two areas to make greater progress. The application of large cryogenic access devices attracts attention. Very large helium liquefiers and hydrogen liquefiers will be used in large tokamak devices and superconducting energy storage devices. At this moment, a helium liquefier of 100 kilowatts (30,000 liters / hour) or a hydrogen liquefier of 500 kilowatts (25,000 liters / hour) is required. In contrast, such a large hydrogen liquefaction plant is more easily achieved. 25,000 liters / hour equivalent to 42.2 tons / day, the United States now has 60 tons / day of liquid hydrogen production equipment. The amount of cooling required for a larger tokamak unit is 211 kW at 4.2K and the required cooling capacity is 51 kW at 4.2K for a 10 to 10 watt superconducting storage unit. This need means that the design of a 200 ton / day liquid hydrogen production facility must be considered. Liquid hydrogen in the aviation industry will gradually realize the application. Hydrogen is a clean, high-energy fuel due to its explosive nature